Governance in the municipality is both modern and traditional. The former is represented by the Municipal Assembly created by Legislative Instrument, (L.I 2144) within the framework of the Local Governance Act of 2016 (Act 936), while the latter is by Chiefs and Queen Mothers (Traditional rulers)
The Bawku Municipality with its administrative capital at Bawku is one of the fifteen MMDAs in the Upper East Region of Ghana. The Municipality was upgraded from the then Bawku District Assembly, through the Local Government (Bawku District Assembly) (Establishment) Instrument, 1989 (L.I. 1439). This was revoked on 17th of March 2004 by the legislative instrument, (L.I. 1798) including Binduri and Pusiga. It was then gazetted on the 28th of May 2004 and entered into force on the 16th July 2004. The legislative instrument, (L.I 1798) was also revoked on the 15th Day of March, 2012 by legislative instrument, (L.I 2144) which paved the way for the carving out of the two new districts; Binduri and Pusiga districts.
The Municipality has a population of 98,538 persons, with the males being 47,254 (48.0 percent) and females 51,284 (52.0 percent). The dependency ratio in the municipality is 87.4; the child dependency ratio is 40.3 whiles old age dependency ratio is 6.3. The sex ratio is 92.1. The urban population is 63.6 percent whiles the rural population constitutes 36.4 percent. The Bawku municipal has a total land area of 247.23720 sq.km and it is located approximately between latitudes 11 o 11 and 100 40 North and longitude 0o 18 W and 0o 6 E in the north eastern corner of the region. It shares boundaries with Pusiga District to the North, Binduri District to the South, Garu-Tempane District to the East and Bawku West to the West
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